Error message

  • Deprecated function: TYPO3\PharStreamWrapper\Manager::initialize(): Implicitly marking parameter $resolver as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 19 of includes/file.phar.inc).
  • Deprecated function: TYPO3\PharStreamWrapper\Manager::initialize(): Implicitly marking parameter $collection as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 19 of includes/file.phar.inc).
  • Deprecated function: TYPO3\PharStreamWrapper\Manager::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $resolver as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 19 of includes/file.phar.inc).
  • Deprecated function: TYPO3\PharStreamWrapper\Manager::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $collection as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 19 of includes/file.phar.inc).
  • Deprecated function: session_set_save_handler(): Providing individual callbacks instead of an object implementing SessionHandlerInterface is deprecated in drupal_session_initialize() (line 245 of includes/session.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQueryInterface::getArguments(): Implicitly marking parameter $queryPlaceholder as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQueryInterface::preExecute(): Implicitly marking parameter $query as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQueryExtender::getArguments(): Implicitly marking parameter $queryPlaceholder as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQueryExtender::preExecute(): Implicitly marking parameter $query as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQuery::getArguments(): Implicitly marking parameter $queryPlaceholder as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: SelectQuery::preExecute(): Implicitly marking parameter $query as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: DrupalEntityControllerInterface::resetCache(): Implicitly marking parameter $ids as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: DrupalDefaultEntityController::resetCache(): Implicitly marking parameter $ids as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in include_once() (line 3575 of includes/bootstrap.inc).
  • Deprecated function: stripos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated in _ajax_register_ajax_links() (line 397 of sites/all/modules/ajax_register/ajax_register.module).

Advancing the Craft

Pinch-ribbed cup
Ht., 6.5 cm
Mid-to-late 1st century A.D.
From Vaison, France

Two-handled polychrome jar
Ht., 11.7 cm
Mid-to-late 1st century A.D.
From Lebanon

The glassworkers of northern Italy used the robustness of the iron blow-pipe to particularly good effect during the second quarter of the 1st century A.D. to produce a range of small, colorful bowls with a distinctive pinched-rib finish. Some glass of the ground color—usually amber or purple—was gathered up while hot, and several threads of white glass were wound about it. Reheating this mass softened it sufficiently so that, as it was rolled on a flat wooden slab, the white glass was pressed flush (marvered) into the surface. This two-color gather was then blown into a globular shape, its lower side-wall modified with square-nosed pliers and its upper body cut to form the bowl's rim.

A similar technique also was used to create polychrome two-handled jars and bottles, except that the initial gather was partially blown before it was rolled in a heap of colored glass chips. Subsequent marvering then smeared out the decorative colors and completion of the blowing process stretched those colors into a host of flowing patterns. The pinched-rib bowls were exported the length and breadth of the Empire, whereas polychrome vessels only found favor in the western provinces.

The Displacement of Cast Wares
Glassworking References